NOTES TO CHAPTER I 32!
East India House building in the City and a South Sea Company House finished, both lofty
and magnificent, Mr Guy's Hospital in Southwark... the additions to Bethlehem Hospital
and several new steeples and churches,... Then there is a little city of buildings, streets
and squares added to those mentioned before at the West side of Hanover and Cavendish
Squares, with the repair of two terrible fires at Wapping and RatcKSe.' (Tour through the,
whole Island of Great Britain, iii, p. 10.)
(14) Tooke, History of Prices, 1838, i, pp. 41-3.
(15) *We have of late years greatly increased in the breeding of live-stock of all kinds,
and the great supply from the northern parts of England and Wales have glutted the
London markets.... This great increase has of late supplied the London markets with
meat far beyond its consumption, and therefore lowered the price, so that the best or
middling pieces have been sold cheap enough to be within the reach of the common people,
therefore common pieces have not had so ready a vent as usual* (A proper Reply to the
scandalous L&d . . . The Tried of the Spirits, 1736*) (This had mamygi>H that meat was
cheap because spirit-drinkers did not eat meat and therefore the inferior pieces had to be
buried.)
(16) Short, New Observations on City, Town and Country Bills of Mortality, 17509 p, 241.
See also Appendix I, D and E.
(17) Another explanation sometimes given is that it was due to the collapse of die
South Sea Bubble, e-g. Maitland, History of London, 1756, ii, p. 743. This interrupted the
building of Cavendish Square, but it seems unlikely that it seriously affected the population
of London between 1720 and 1750.
(18) op. cat, p. 115.
(19) Considerations upon the Effects of spirituous Liquors .. ^ 1751.
(20) Parliamentary History, xii, p. 1,433.
(21) Review, 9 May 1713.
(22) 2 Win. and Mary, Sess. 2 c. 3.
(23) 12 Anne Star. 2 a 3.
(24) Defoe, Complete English Tradesman, 1727, ii, Part II, p. So.
(25) J. CoHyer, The Parent's and Guardian's Directory and the Yoitth*s Gtdde in the
Choice of a Profession or Trade, 1761, pp. 122-3. See also A general Description of all
Trades, 1747, PP- 7&-8o-
(26) Davenant, Essay upon Ways and Means, ed. of 1701, p. 134.
(27) Order Book, Westminster Sessions. April 1721. (CoŁ)
(28) ibid. October 1721.
(29) Sir D. Dolins, Charge to the Grand Jury of Middlesex* 7 October 1725.
(30) Order Book, Middlesex Sessions, January 1725-6. (Co/.)
(31) Munk, Roll of the College of Physicians, ii, p. 55.
(32) Maitland, Hist, of London, 1756, i, p. 544.
(33) &J- 9 an^ ii March 1732—3.
(34) By another Act of 1729 (2 Geo. IL c. 28, s. 10 and 11) retailers of spirits had been
required to take out a justice's licence as common alehouse-keepers.
(35) Order Book, Middlesex Sessions, January 1735-6- (faL) (Printed in an appendix to
Distilled Spirituous Uquours the Bane of tne Nation, 1730.)
(36) Parliamentary History* ix, p. 1,039.
(37) The magistrates and. especially Colonel de Veil attempted at first to enforce the
Act at some personal risk. *It is beyond question, that the motives upon which the law
was made, were in themselves right, and the intention of the legislature very just and
reasonable; but the nqiyhfofc that this law was intended to remedy had taken such deep